This disease is any disorder that causes swelling or pain of the salivary glands.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

The salivary glands are around the mouth. They produce saliva, which moistens food to aid chewing and swallowing. Saliva contains enzymes that begin the digestion process. Saliva also aids in mechanical cleansing of the mouth by washing away bacteria and food particles. Saliva keeps the mouth moist and helps to keep dentures or orthodontic appliances (such as retainers) in place. There are 3 pairs of salivary glands. The 2 largest are the parotid glands, 1 in each cheek over the angle of the jaw in front of the ears. Two submandibular glands are at the back of the mouth on both sides of the jaw. Two sublingual glands are under the floor of the mouth. All of the salivary glands empty saliva into the mouth through ducts that open at various locations in the mouth. The salivary glands may become inflamed (irritated) because of infection, tumors, or stones. Related topics:

Signs and tests

Tests vary depending on the suspected disorder.

Treatment

The treatment varies depending on the specific disorder.

Expectations (prognosis)

Most salivary gland disorders respond well to treatment. See the specific disorders.

Complications

See the specific disorders.

Calling your health care provider

ALWAYS call your health care provider if symptoms indicate that one of the salivary gland disorders may be present.

Prevention

Most of the problems with salivary glands are not preventable.